您的当前位置:首页正文

句子成分习题(附答案解析)

2020-05-12 来源:意榕旅游网
句子成分习题

1.Peter is a good doctor画线部分属于________。 A. 宾语 B. 表语 C. 谓语 D. 状语 2.请写出下列句子中的主语。________ Mr. Smith knew his son very well. 3.写出句中的状语。

(1) He speaks English very well.________ (2) Lily slept with the window open.________ (3) I go to work by taxi.________ (4) He lives in London.________ (5) Thanks a lot.________

4.请选出可以做主语的词语。________ A. what you said B. walk 5.请写出下列句子中的定语。 (1) I am an English teacher. (2) People in the park are dancing.

(3) We all want to make friends with him. He is such a polite person. (4) Is there anything serious about your health?

(5) Why are you still sleeping? Don't you have anything to do? 6.请写出下列句子中的谓语。 (1) He has a useful dictionary. ________ (2) He didn't go to the park yesterday. ________ (3) He helped me to do my housework. ________ (4) The music sounds very beautiful. ________

(5) One can get a good result through one's hard work. ________ (6) Who is going to have the picnic with us?________ (7) Let's go to the park together. ________

(8) They haven't finished their homework yet. ________ (9) She used to study in Beijing. ________ (10) I ought to give her money back. ________ 7.请写出下列句子中的谓语动词。 (1) I have no interest in soup opera. ________

(2) The twins love reading science books very much.________ (3) My friend invited me to join the art club.________ (4) You can't judge a person by his accent.________ (5) She attend the summer camp.________ 8.Jenny is never late for school.________ A. 主语 B. 表语 C. 定语 D. 宾语 9.请选出可以做宾语的词语。________ A. to do B. done

10.请判断下列句子中划线部分是否是句子谓语。 (1) Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.________ A. 是 B. 不是

(2) My brother and I study in the same school.________ A. 是 B. 不是

11.请判断下列句子是否缺主语。 Getting up early is a good habit.________

A. 是 B. 否

12.选出对句子画线部分结构描述正确的选项。

Many animals are in danger. We must protect them.________ A. 表语 B. 谓语 C. 状语 D. 主语

13.判断句子中划线部分的句子成分,用汉语在答题卡上写出句子成分的名称。 He bought a red coat in the supermarket. ① ②

③ ④

① ________ ② ________ ③ ________ ④ ________ ⑤ ________

14.将画线部分与其相应的成分描述连接起来。________

(1) Tom strived to save that little girl, but it was too late. A.宾语 (2) Here is what he says to the class. B.表语 (3) Then his friend Jenny gave him some good advice. C.主语 (4) I can reach the top of the tree without a chair! D.谓语 (5) It's hard to write about myself. E.状语

15. 写出划线部分在句中充当的成分。(10分) (1) Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables._______ (2) My brother and I study in the same school._______ (3) I didn’t begin to learn English until middle school._______ (4) There are some little sheep on the hill._______ (5) They are busy with watching the football game._______

(6) The boys are making a model bike in the garden._______ (7) Her voice sounds sad._______

(8) More and more Americans like traveling during holidays._______

(9) More than one third of the students are willing to take a bus to school._______ (10) If you don’t come tomorrow,you should let me know._______ 16.写出下列句子的谓语

(1) Who has closed the door? ________ (2) The teacher is telling them a story. ________ (3) He will read the teacher to his mother. ________

17. 判断划线部分提问的是句子的主语或定语还是其他成分 (1) She is their teacher.________ (2) He lives in Beijing.________ (3) I’ m looking for my watch.________ 18.判断句子划线部分是否是状语。 (1) We go to school every day.________ A. 是

B. 否

(2) The girl here is Betty.________ A. 是

B. 否

(3) He came to see us.________ A. 是

B. 否

(4) He enjoys reading.________ A. 是

B. 否

(5) Joey went to work in spite of feeling ill.________ A. 是

B. 否

答案:

1. 【答案】B

【解析】考查简单句。根据题意“is”判断为主系表结构,故选B。 2.

【答案】Mr. Smith

【解析】实义动词know的发出者为史密斯先生,人名地名等表示名称的名词可以做句子的主语。 3. (1)

【答案】very well

【解析】本题考查状语的使用。 very well 是修饰 speak 的程度状语。 (2)

【答案】with the window open 【解析】本题考查状语的使用。

with the window open 为修饰 sleep 的伴随状语。 (3)

【答案】by taxi

【解析】本题考查状语的使用。 by taxi 为修饰 go to work 的方式状语。 (4)

【答案】in London

【解析】本题考查状语的使用。 in London 为修饰 live 的地点状语。 (5)

【答案】a lot

【解析】本题考查状语的使用。 a lot 为修饰 thanks 的程度状语。 4. 【答案】A

【解析】句子可以做主语,构成主语从句,walk为动词不可以直接作主语。 5. (1)

【答案】English

【解析】本题考查句子成分之定语。 解题步骤:

1. 找到被修饰的名词位置。本句被修饰的名词为teacher. 2. 定位定语的位置。修饰teacher的词为English. 句意:我是一名英语老师。 (2)

【答案】in the park

【解析】本题考查句子成分之定语。 解题步骤:

找到被修饰的名词位置。本句被修饰的名词为people. 2. 定位定语的位置。修饰people的词为in the park. 句意:公园里的人在跳舞。

【易错点分析】如何区别介词短语是作定语还是状语?

可以通过可在名词和介词短语中间加上“that/which/who+be”,再从文法上的角度来判断句子意思是不是不变、有没有文法错误。若句子意思不变以及文法没有错误,则为定语,修饰前面的名词;反之则为状语,修饰名词前面的动词。如:

The doctors and nurses in the hospital are very patient with patients.

改:The doctors and nurses (who are) in the hospital are very patient with patients.

在介词短语“in the hospital”前面加上who are后,文法正确,意思连贯,因此它为定语,修饰前面名词片语“the doctors and nurses”。 句意:(那家医院的)大夫和护士对病人特别耐心。

Don’t make noise in the hospital.

改: Don’t make noise (which is) in the hospital.

在介词短语 “in the hospital” 前面加上which is后,变成 “noise在医院里”,内容有文法错误,意思也不连贯,因此它为地点状语。 句意:不要在医院里大声喧哗。 (3)

【答案】pollite

【解析】本题考查句子成分之定语。 解题步骤:

1. 找到被修饰的名词位置。本句被修饰的名词为person. 2. 定位定语的位置。修饰person的词为polite. 句意:我们都想和他交朋友,他是如此礼貌的一个人。 (4)

【答案】serious

【解析】本题考查句子成分之定语。 解题步骤:

1. 找到被修饰的名词位置。本句被修饰的名词为anything. 2. 定位定语的位置。修饰anything的词为serious. 句意:你的健康有什么严重的问题吗? (5)

【答案】to do

【解析】本题考查句子成分之定语。 解题步骤:

1. 找到被修饰的名词位置。本句被修饰的名词为anything. 2. 定位定语的位置。修饰anything的是不定式to do为serious.

句意:为什么你还在睡觉?你没什么事可做吗? 6. (1) 【答案】has

【解析】本句谓语动词为has, 发出该动作的主语是he 句意:他有一本实用的字典。 (2)

【答案】didn't go

【解析】本句谓语动词为didn't go, 发出该动作的主语是he 句意:他昨天没去公园。 (3)

【答案】helped

【解析】本句谓语动词为helped, 发出该动作的主语是he. 后面的to do为不定式。

句意:他帮助我做家务。 (4)

【答案】sounds

【解析】本句谓语动词为系动词sounds, 主语是the music. 系动词后面的部分为表语。 句意:这音乐听起来非常优美。 (5)

【答案】can get

【解析】本句谓语动词为can get,即情态动词+动词原形, 发出该动作的主语是one. 句意:人可以通过努力工作得到好的结果。 (6)

【答案】is going to have

【解析】本句谓语动词为is going to have主语是who. 句意:谁要和我们去野餐? (7) 【答案】Let

【解析】本句为祈使句,谓语动词为Let. 句意:让我们一起去公园吧。 (8)

【答案】haven't finished

【解析】本句谓语动词为haven't finished, 发出该动作的主语是they. 句意:他们还没完成他们的家庭作业。 (9)

【答案】used to study

【解析】本句谓语动词为used to study, 发出该动作的主语是she. 句意:她过去一直在北京上学。 (10)

【答案】ought to give

【解析】本句谓语动词为ought to give, 发出该动作的主语是I. 句意:我应该把钱还给她。 7. (1)

【答案】have (2)

【答案】love (3)

【答案】invited (4)

【答案】 judge (5)

【答案】 attend 8. 【答案】B

【解析】本题考查句子成分之表语。 解题步骤:

1. 找到系动词。本句中的系动词为is,故表语在系动词后。2. 确定表语位置。late为表语,这里构成短语 be late for。故正确答案为B。 句意:Jenny上学从来不迟到。 9.

【答案】A

【解析】动词的不定式形式可以做宾语,但过去分词形式不可以。 故本题选 A 10. (1) 【答案】A

【解析】本句谓语动词为 grow,发出该动作的主语是 farmers in our area。 句意:我们区的农民种了很多蔬菜。 (2) 【答案】A

【解析】本句谓语动词为 study,发出该动作的主语是 my brother and I。 句意:我和我兄弟在同一所学校学习。 11. 【答案】B

【解析】本题考查句子基本成分之主语。 解题步骤:

1. 确定实义动词和系动词位置。句子中有比较明显的be动词:is。

2. 确定主语。主语通常为名词或代词,普通陈述句中置于实义动词和系动词之前。故本句主语为现在分词短语 getting up early,现在分词短语可以做主语。 句意:起早是一个好习惯。 12. 【答案】A

【解析】本题考查句子成分之表语。 解题步骤:

1. 找到系动词。本句中的系动词为表变化的动词 are,故表语在系动词后。 2. 确定表语位置。in danger 为表语,与 be 动词共同构成系表结构。 故正确答案为 A

句意:很多动物都濒危了,我们必须保护他们。 13.

【答案】主语; 谓语; 定语; 宾语; 状语

【解析】① He 位于句子开头,人称代词作主语。 ② bought “买”,是动词,在主语后充当谓语。 ③ a red “一件红色的”,修饰名词,作定语。 ④ coat“大衣”,作 bought 的宾语。

⑤ in the supermarket “在超市里”,是在句子中做地点状语。 14.

【答案】(1) D (2) B (3) A (4) E (5) C

【解析】(1) 动词strived和不定式共同构成本句的谓语部分。

(2) 此句是倒装句。本句正常的顺序是:What he says to the class is here.

(3) him和some good advice都作give的宾语,him是间接宾语,some advice作直接宾语。 (4) 由without构成的介词短语常在句中作状语。

(5) 句中it是形式主语,to write about myself不定式短语是真正的主语。因为to write about myself这个短语太长,放在句首,往往给人头重脚轻的感觉。在英语中用it作形式主语,放在句首,而真正的主语放在句末。

因篇幅问题不能全部显示,请点此查看更多更全内容