PXE 网络化安装linux系统方法介绍

支持PXE的电脑开机(预先打开网卡PXE功能，网络引导)---> DHCP给该电脑一个IP地址，并指明下一跳tftp文件服务器 ---> 电脑去tftp服务器上(/tftpboot 文件夹下面)下载到一个叫做 pxelinux.0的文件，并拿到pxelinux.cfg文件夹下的default配置文件 ---> 根据该配置文件加载内核等操作，同时该配置文件中可以指明ks.cfg文件的地址，这样实现全程无人化安装! 基本实现步骤： 1.DHCP服务器配置

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/dhcpd.conf ddns-update-style interim; ignore client-updates; allow booting; allow bootp;

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { # --- default gateway option routers 192.168.1.1; option subnet-mask 255.255.255.0; # option nis-domain \"domain.org\"; # option domain-name \"domain.org\"; option domain-name-servers 192.168.1.1;

option time-offset -18000; # Eastern Standard Time # option ntp-servers 192.168.1.1;

# option netbios-name-servers 192.168.1.1;

# --- Selects point-to-point node (default is hybrid). Don't change this unless

# -- you understand Netbios very well # option netbios-node-type 2;

range dynamic-bootp 192.168.1.2 192.168.1.10; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; next-server 192.168.1.112; filename \"pxelinux.0\";

# we want the nameserver to appear at a fixed address # host ns {

# next-server marvin.redhat.com; # hardware ethernet 12:34:56:78:AB:CD; # fixed-address 207.175.42.254; # } }

2.tftp服务器配置

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/xinetd.d/tftp # default: off

# de.ion: The tftp server serves files using the trivial file transfer # protocol. The tftp protocol is often used to boot diskless

# workstations, download configuration files to network-aware printers, # and to start the installation process for some operating systems. service tftp {

socket_type = dgram protocol = udp wait = yes user = root

server = /usr/sbin/in.tftpd server_args = -s /tftpboot disable = no per_source = 11 cps = 100 2 flags = IPv4 }

3.准备相关文件

安装目录树，ks.cfg，initrd.img，pxelinux.0，pxelinux.cfg，vmlinuz A--把安装目录树拷贝到一个共享目录中，例如，/var/ftp/pub下面，用ftp共享 B--ks.cfg也拷贝到 /var/ftp/pub下面 C--

cp /usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0 /tftpboot

cp /media/cdrom/images/pxeboot/{initrd.img,vmlinuz} /tftpboot mkdir /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg touch /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default default文件内容：(ftp地址自己改)

[root@localhost ~]# cat /tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/default default linux prompt 1 timeout 60 display boot.msg label linux kernel vmlinuz

append initrd=initrd.img text ks=ftp://192.168.1.112/pub/ks.cfg