流体力学泵与风机
2-15
解:(1)当1为空气 p1p2
pBzhpA ppApBzh
9.810000.3
2940pa2.94kpa (2)当1为油 p1p3
pAp1hHz pBp31hH
ppApBp1p3hHz1hH
hz1h
9.810000.19.810000.290000.1
1
2040pa2.04kpa
2-16
解:p1p2
p1pM水Hh1h2
p2pa油h1汞h2
pM水Hh1h2pa油h1汞h2
9809.810001.50.2h17850h113.69.810000.2
98098001.598000.29800h17850h126656
1950h126656980147001960
h15.63m
2-28
解:ph1h2
hhbhhh2b1Ph1h212122sin450sin450
2
13229.810003219.810003212sin450sin450
5234650N34.65kN2
9.81000hhblhhh2bl1h1h212D112D2002sin45sin45lDP
9.810002229.810002222232.45m59.8100022
2-32
h21h2bhb200sin452sin45
解:
Ph19.810001
21229.810002222222
9.8100082110857.6N110.8576kN
h2hh12h12h2h2213h1bhb20000sin45sin452sin45sin45lDP
9.8100042229.81000429.8100082723
3
1362 l137p62262
GlGPlPTlT
19.6219.8100082762T2
T9.81274.43101.31kN
2-41
解:hrsin4502
Phh1x2b
9.8100022124
39200N39.2kN
PzV
r24513602rsin450rcos450b 9.81000113.142282224
4
22344N22.344kN
P39.2222.344245.1kN
Pz22.344arctanarctan0.57300Px39.2arctan
3-3
4解:(1)
Qd32v340.0252100.0049m3/s Q4.9kg/s
d3d3v1v0.625m/sv2d3dv32.5m/s12(2)
223-5
33Q10000m/h2.778m/s 解:
vQ420m/sd2
4Q0.177v
所以,
d所以,d0.45m450mm
5
vQ4此时,
d24Q11.11217.4m/sd20.63585
3-6
d2解:
A1A2A3A4A254520d
AA1111d2d222040
A1212A2220d40d2 A113A320d240d22 AA114420d240d22
AA1155220d240d2
d21141140d2
d110d r1210d d242340d2
d2310d r23210d254d340d2
d55310d r3210d6
7772ddrddd4410 210 440
243392ddrddd5510 210 440
25GQd2402u1u2u3u4u5d220u1u2u3u4u5
3-7
解:干管前端的质量流量为:
Q11v1A12.6225d124
2.622540.050.128544kg/s2
Q2Q3Q10.064272kg/s2
Q20.064272v222.247m/s2A22.30.0424
Q30.06427218.05m/s3A32.240.04524
v33-10
7
解:将基准面建立在B点经过的水平面上,列能量方程:
z1p11v122gz2p222v22g
d12v22v14.5m/s1.5mp1其中,z11.2m v12m/s d2.21.522p24.5212g02g
p2 1.21.5222g4.522g1.871
3-11
解:将2点所在的水平面作为基准面,列能量方程:
z1p121v12v2222gz2p2g
p1z13 zp220 v13m/s
p132232g0p2v22g
v22gh328.2m/s
8
121
2v2d18.2v1d23 所以,d20.12m
3-14
解:以水面为基准面,列0-0和D-D的能量方程:
z0p020v02gzDpD2DvD2g
p0z00 020v0 2g2DvD0pD zD4 2DvD0
000402g 所以,2g4,即,vD429.88.85m/s
所以,
Q4d2vD40.0528.850.017368m3/s
22AvADvD2g:2g44dD:dA1:81
列0-0和A-A断面的能量方程:
z0p020v02gzApA2AvA2g
0007pA481
9
pA所以,7481 所以,pA68.1kpa
列0-0和B-B断面的能量方程:
z0p020v02gzBpB2BvB2g
pB49.80.484kpa81
列0-0和C-C断面的能量方程:
z0p020v02gzCpC2CvC2g
4pC29.820.1kpa81
pD0
3-18
解:将基准面建在管道所在的水平面上,列能量方程:
z1p11v122gz2p222v22ghl12
2490.982v200019.89.82g
10
2v23.92g v28.74m/s
3-19
解:(1)(a)将基准面建在A所在的水平面上,列0-0和C-C断面的能量方程:
z20v0C2CvC0p02gzCp2g
400002CvC2g
2CvC2g4 vC89.88.85m/s22BvB:CvC2g2gs2:s2CB4:1
2BvB2g1 v129.84.43m/s (b)
20v0v2AA(c)
z0p02gzApA2g4000pA1
且 vAvB
11
pA3 pA29.4kpa
p020v0(2)(a)
z02gzCpC2CvC2ghl12
其中,
hl122v12v2432g2g
222v2v2v24000032g2g2g
2v242g5 所以,v23.96m/s
1v1v21.96m/s2
(b)
v12z0z122g2g2g (c)
p0p120v01v12
4000p135
p1 435 p133.32kpa
p222v222v23v2z0z242g2g2g22g
p020v0 12
4000p244345525
p211.76kpa
3-20
解:
p1v122az2z1p22v22pl12
v12Q4d20.022420.38m/s3.140.052
0.02410.19m/s3.140.052v2Q4d2
pl122v12v23422
2v12v2p1az2z1p2342222
v122v22v124v2
2v12v2v12p1300341.20.630309.82222
2v2222v2v2v230012441.20.630309.82222
2v2 13
300130.610.1920.6609.82
352.16pa
p1352.1644.6mm7.9
h3-22
解:G176.2kN/h0.048944kN/s
0.048944103Q7.1347m3/s9.80.7
Gv2Q4d24Q47.13479.09m/s2d3.14
v222p1v122aHp2pl12
33ph1010109.898pa v011其中,,
20.79.092Hv29801.20.79.8H00.0352d2g
0.79.0929.0929801.20.79.8H00.035H0.79.8229.8
984.9H28.91.0122H
14
所以,H32.64m
1vM21p1aHpMpl122222
10.79.0920.03532.649.092v1298021.20.79.832.64pM9879.968pM28.916.52
所以,pM63.45pa
3-26
3-28
解:列连续性方程:
vQ0.441D23.140.423.18m/s4
v0.442Q23.140.1250.96m/s4d
列能量方程:
2zp1v22211v12gz2p22g
2215
129.80.79.8
p122v22g1v122g
50.9623.182131.98m29.8
p1131.989.81293.404kpa
列动量方程:
FQvp12v1
d2RQv2v14D2p24
1293.40440.42R0.450.963.18
R1293.40440.420.447.78143.339kN
R11.94kN12
3-33
解:列能量方程:
z1p11v122gz2p222v22g
16
其中,
v13v25
v1292v225
1.501v122g0.9022v22g
22v29v20.62g252g
v24.3m/s v12.58m/s
FQv2v1
1212h1bh2bRQv2v122
3Q2.581.21.54.644m/s 其中,
119.81031.529.81030.92R10004.6441.7222
R480.2N
Q10kg/s4-2 (1) d100mm0.1m
QQ0.01m3/s
v4Q40.011.274m/s22d3.140.1 vd1.2740.1838711.519106 (紊流)
17
1.519106m2/s
Re
(2)
QQ10kg/s
Q100.011765m3/s850
v4Q40.0117651.4987m/s42221.1410m/s d3.140.1 vd1.49870.113151.14104
Re0624-3 解:d0.3m T20C 15.710m/s
Re200015.7106vmax104.67103m/sd0.3
3.140.32QmaxvmaxA104.67107.3947103m3/s4
3Q7.39471031.2360031.9kg/h
4-4 解:
d22d12v1d224v 2d1
14v2d2vd22ReRe1112 所以,
Re12Re2
5Re6104-12 紊流粗糙区,
18
Re61051.308106v3.14m/sRed0.25,所以,
vd3.140.252Qv3.140.154m3/s44
3Q200L/s0.2m/s 14-13
d2v14Q1vd4.0764330.2564.076433m/sRe0.7791101d21.308106
Q220L/s v20.4076433m/s
Re27.791104
Q35L/s
v30.1019m/s
Re31.9478104
查尼氏图,得到,
Reu6105
Rel4104Re3RelRe2ReuRe1,
所以,Q1属于紊流粗糙区,Q2属于紊流过渡区,Q3属于紊流光滑区,
(1) 对于Q1,采用希弗林松公式,
K10.11d0.250.51030.110.250.250.02326
19
lv121004.0764332hf110.023267.888md2g0.2529.8
(2) 对于Q2,采用阿公式,
20.11K68dRe0.250.5100.110.2536847.791100.250.02547
hf22lv21000.407643320.02547d2g0.2529.820.086m
(3) 对于Q3,采用布公式
0.31640.31640.026780.250.25Re19477.5
230.40764332lv310040.005676mhf330.02678d2g0.2529.8
Reu21054-15
Rel4000
3 d0.05m K0.2510m
Reu21051.007106vmax4.028m/sd0.05
Qmaxvmaxd23.140.0524.0287.905L/s44
20
vminRel40001.0071068.056102d0.05
Qminvmind28.0561023.140.0520.01581102m3/s0.1581L/s
44d1v14-21 (1)
da2 v122a
hlv2164lv2164lv21f11d2gRe11d12gv1d1d12g hf1hv21d21f2vd221a4 a1.19
0.31640.25lv21hf1v0.251d0.251d12g1.751.25hf20.31640.25lv2v1d212v2d2a4.75(2)
v0.25d0.2522d22g0.25Klv2h0.111f1hdd2gv2d1.251110.25f210.11v2d5.25(3)
Klv222ad12d22g 0.3294-24 解:
Q2600.002742m3/s
4Q40.
vd20027423.140.0521.3972m/s
21
a1.16
a1.14
2lv0.6292g d
1.3972260.62929.8 0.3151
4-26 解:(1) 突然缩小
10.51A278.50.510.375A1314
v222hj110.3750.0765m76.5mm2g29.8
(2)20.5
v222hj220.50.102m102mm2g29.8
22A178.59311A231416(3)
922hj30.115m115mm1629.8
(4)41
22hj410.204m204mm29.8
22
22v1vmvmv1hhjj4-27 解:
2g2g
hhjjvm2v1vm12vmv202g2g
所以,
vmv1v22
vvvvv11212v121v1v222hjhj2hj2g2g22g此时,
22333Q16m/h4.4410m/s 4-29 解:
4Q44.44103v122.2624m/s2d13.140.05 4Q44.44103v220.5656m/s2d3.140.12
p1p22v12v25.91732.262420.56560.140674m2g10009.829.8
hj2v12v2hj1hj22g 10.5387 2g 28.619
l11081.2d80.020.2Sp1214608.524d13.140.25-17 解:
23
8l20.0250Sd281.2p22d4.1420.20.243042.723 8l350Sd3p380.021.20.12d4.1420.149736733
SpSp1Sp2Sp3608.53042.797367101018.3
p21SpQ1101018.30.1522272.91N/m2
p22SpQ2101018.30.1622586.1N/m2
SQ2120SQ222Q3SQ2155-25 解:
SQ2Q322SQ2310 S106
解得,Q14.472103m3/s Q22.41103m3/s8l180.022005-27 解:Sd112d4.1420.20.241034.941g39.8
8l2100d280.025S20.12d4.1420.1420698.82g39.8
24
Q30.63103m3/s
l3720880.02d0.23725.78S3243d3g3.1420.249.8
111110.03803532.1705143.87S1S1S2 所以,S1691.25
S3Q2HS11)
QH1660.186103m3/sS3S14417
1SQH2SQH2) 2
28SS3S13S31325124d3g
132513.1420.29.8256.18
45-28 解:
SABlAB20080.028dAB0.324136.286dABg3.1420.349.8
SAClAC16080.028dAC0.324109.0292dACg3.140.349.8
SAD
lAD20080.028dAD0.42432.34dADg3.1420.449.8
25
SBCSCDlBC12080.028dBC0.32481.77224dBCg3.140.39.8
pA2.8105
pASABQ
2ABQABpA2.81050.457868m3/sSAB136.28610009.8
pASADQ
2ADQAD2.81050.93993m3/sSAD32.3410009.8pA
pASAC2QBCSBCQBC
22QBCQCDpA0.23488m3/s4SACSBC
Q2QABQBC0.69275m2/s
Q3QADQCD1.17481m2/s
Q1Q2Q31.86756m3/s
2pCSBCQBC44.2kN/m2
26
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