A段
Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle.
During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that you're \"hot\". That's true. The time of the day when you feel most energetic is when you cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as \"Get up, John! You'll be late for work again!\"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-an&energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realise what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.
You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help. Dr. Kleitman believe~ May- be you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll get up steam and work better at your low point.
Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night be- fore. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours. 1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably________. A. he is a lazy person
B. he refuses to follow his own energy cycle C. he is not sure when his energy is low
D. he is at his peak in the afternoon or evening
答案：D 指导：依照第二段，有些人的精力高峰显现在下午或晚上，因此让他早起专门困难。
2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage? A. Unwareness of energy cycles. B. Familiar monologues.
C. A change in a family member's energy cycle.
D. Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members.
答案：A指导：第二段最后一句话说“当夫妻意识到什么是能量循环以及每个家庭成员的循环状况时，他们就会停止吵架。”
3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should________. A. change his energy cycle B. overcome his laziness C. get up earlier than usual D. go to bed earlier
答案：C 指导：第三段最后一句话给出答案。早起有助于你在精力低落时仍旧高效工作。
4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will________. A. help to keep your energy for the day's work B. help you to control your temper early in the day C. enable you to concentrate on your routine work D. keep your energy cycle under control all day
答案：A 指导：第四段第一句话说，慢点起床可节约能量。
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A
My grandfather worked as a carpenter. On this particular day, he was building some crates（木箱）for the clothes his church was sending to an orphanage（孤儿院）in Brazil. On his way home, he found his glasses were gone. When he mentally replayed his earlier actions, he realized what happened. The glasses had slipped out of his pocket and fallen into one of the crates. His new glasses were heading for Brazil!
The Great Depression was at its height, and Grandpa had six children. He had spent twenty dollars for those glasses that very morning.
“It’s not fair,” he thought as he walked home angrily. “I’ve been very faithful in giving my time and money to my work, and now this.”
Several months later, the director of the orphanage came to the United States. He wanted to visit all the churches that supported him, so he came to my grandfather’s small church in Chicago.
He began by thanking the people for their kindness in supporting the orphanage. “But most of all, ” he said, “I must thank you for the glasses you sent last year. You see, some people had just come to the orphanage, destroying everything, including my glasses. I was desperate. Even if I had the money, there was simply no way of replacing those glasses. Along with not being able to see well, I experienced headaches every day, so my coworkers and I were very worried about this. Then your crates arrived. When I removed the covers, I found a pair of glasses lying on top.” He paused long enough to let his words sink in. Then, he continued, “When I tried on the glasses, it was as though they had been made just for me! I want to thank you for being a part of that!”
The people listened, happy for the miraculous glasses. But they thought it was strange because there were no glasses on their list of items to be sent overseas.
Sitting quietly in the back, with tears streaming down his face, my grandfather, an ordinary carpenter realized his glasses had found a good place to go. 41. We know from the text that .
A. the author’s grandfather got his glasses back from the director of the orphanage
B. the author’s grandfather found that his glasses were at home at last C. the author’s grandfather’s burden of supporting his family was very heavy D. the author’s grandfather worked as a carpenter in a school in Chicago
42. From the text we can infer that the author’s grandfather was very
after
hearing what the director of the orphanage had said. A. surprised B. disappointed C. pitiful by . A. practical
B. wonderful
B
Jeanne Calment, a French woman, became a record breaker on 17 October, 1995, when at the age of 120 years and 238 days, she became the longest-lived human being on record. A Japanese man died in 1986 at the age of 120 years and 237 days. Jeanne Calment lives in a small old people’s home in the south of France; her husband, her only child and her grandson have all died. She is nearly blind and deaf and is always in a wheelchair, but her doctor describes her as being more like a 90-year-old woman in good health than someone of 120. She still has a lively sense of humor. When asked on her 120th birthday what she expected of the future, she replied: A very short one. She also remarked that she thought the good Lord had forgotten all about her.
So what is the key to a long life? According to some doctors, diet, exercise and no smoking are the three important factors. Jeanne Calment has followed two of the tips. She has always eaten a healthy diet, and she used to do exercise every day until she broke her leg at the age of 115. However, until recently she drank two glasses of strong red wine a day, and she does smoke (now only a little). Besides, Jeanne Calment might have got very good genes from her parents. Her father lived to the
C. necessary
D. important
D. proud
43. The underlined word “miraculous” （Paragraph 7） can be replaced
age of 94 and her mother to 86.
A local lawyer bought her house when she was 80 under an agreement that he would pay her some money every year until her death. It must have seemed a good move at the time, but so far the lawyer has paid her at least three times the value of the house. Every year on her birthday, Jeanne Calment sends him a card saying: Sorry, I’m still alive!
45. How does Jeanne Calment feel about her old age?
A. She is miserable and unhappy. B. She is cheerful and humorous. C. She would like to live much younger. D. She feels she is going to die very soon.
46. We can owe her good health and long life to _______. A. smoking only a little every day B. her giving up smoking and drinking
C. drinking two glasses of strong red wine every day
D. the good genes from her parents, a healthy diet and some exercise
47. Which of the following word could best replace the word “move” in the fourth paragraph?
A. deal B. trick C. march D. sport 48. Why does Jeanne Calment say “Sorry, I’m still alive” to the lawyer every year on her birthday?
A. Because she had an agreement at 80 with the lawyer which was to her advantage.
B. Because she has asked the lawyer to pay her more rent than they first agreed. C. Because the lawyer has paid her much more money than the value of the house.
D. Because the house she sold to the lawyer is worth the money he has already paid.
C
As computer games get to look more lifelike, it seems that their violence is spilling over into real life. It is reported that some dozens of children have been murdered since 1997, which has been linked to all obsession (着迷) with violent video games. Recently the parents of a 14-year-old murder victim in the UK blamed the killer's obsession with the game Manhunt, causing a government review of legislation (立法) to protect children.
Psychologists think there may be many reasons why violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies. Firstly, players are actively involved in
violence, and may begin to see using weapons as second nature. Secondly, violent games provide repetitive aggressive (侵犯的) experiences that are rewarded by more killing.
Many studies have shown that people who play violent games regularly are more likely to show high levels of aggression. For instance, in 2000, scientists in Iowa State University found that people who played violent games were more likely to admit involvement in aggressive behaviors, including assaults (侵犯人体罪) or robberies. A study of 13 to 14-year-old children showed that more than half had played games recommended only for over18s. The more violent the games they played, the more they considered physical aggression to be acceptable. Besides, children who play violent games are more prone (有做……倾向的) to arguing with teachers and fighting.
Experimental studies have also hinted at a possible link. In one, scientists asked a group of students to play a violent game, while another group played the nonviolent. Those who played the violent games were faster to react to aggressive words subsequently (随后) flashed on screen.
49. We may infer from the first paragraph that . A. computer games have little to do with violence in real life B. Manhunt has resulted in the death of one of its plays C. lifelike computer games are forbidden in the UK
D. legislation to protect children in the UK still needs improving
50. Violent games are more harmful to children than violent movies because .
A. violent movies are not so attractive to children B. the viewers can't take part in violent movies C. violent movies are not popular with children D. children can win awards in violent games
51. What will be probably discussed in the paragraph following the passage A. Further research on the harm of violent games.
B. Further differences between violent game and nonviolent games. C. Ways to protect children from violent games. D. The result of more experimental studies.
52. What would be the best title for the passage A. Games and Murder
B. Should Computer Games become lifelike C. Legislation, effective or not D. Violent Games and Nonviolent Games
D
Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the websites you’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.
In fact, it’s likely that some of these things have already happened to you. Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a husband or wife, a girlfriend, a marketing company, a boss, a police or a criminal. Whoever it is, they will see you in a way you’ve never intended to be seen.
Some experts tell us boundaries are healthy, and it’s important to reveal (暴露) yourself to your friends, family and lovers in stages, at proper times. But few boundaries could remain. The digital equipment makes it easy for strangers to know who you are, where you are and what you like. In some cases, a simple Google search can even reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret. The key question is: Does that matter?
When opinion polls ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey shows that 60 percent of them feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”
But people often say one thing and do another. Only a tiny number of Americans change the behaviors in an effort to protect their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费站) to avoid using the EZ-Pass system that can track your automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests, and these tests show that the majority of Americans will not keep personal secret just in order to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优待券)
But privacy does matter—at least sometimes. It’s like health: when you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone, do you wish you’d done more to protect it. So, when it comes to privacy, why do so many people say one thing and do another?
And what can be done about it?
53. What would be the experts advise on the relationships between friends? A. Friends should open their hearts to each other. B. Friends should always be faithful to each other. C. There should be a distance even between friends. D. There should be fewer secrets between friends.
54. The author says “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret” because ______.
A. modern society has finally entered a much opened society B. people leave privacy around when using modern technology C. there are always people who are curious about others’ affairs D. many search engines profit by selling people’s privacy 55. According to Alessandro Acquits, most Americans _________. A. like to exchange their personal secret for the commercial benefit
B. aren’t interested in the pitiful commercial benefit to keep their personal secret C. pay no attention to their personal secret for the commercial benefit
D. can’t keep the balance between their personal secret and the commercial benefit
56. The best title for the passage could be _________? A. Is Privacy As Important As Health B. What Can Be Done to Protect the Privacy C. Does Privacy Matter
D. Does Modern Technology Reveal Privacy
E
Some scientists say that animals in the oceans are increasingly threatened by noise pollution caused by human beings.
The noise that affects sea creatures comes from a number of human activities. It is caused mainly by industrial underwater explosions, ocean drilling, and ship engines. Such noises are added to natural sounds. These sounds include the breaking of ice fields, underwater earthquakes, and sounds made by animals themselves.
Decibels（分贝）measured in water are different from those measured on land. A noise of one hundred and twenty decibels on land causes pain to human ears. In water, a decibel level of one hundred and ninety-five would have the same effect.
Some scientists have proposed setting a noise limit of one hundred and twenty decibels in oceans. They have observed that noises at that level can frighten and confuse whales.
A team of American and Canadian scientists discovered that louder noises can seriously injure some animals. The research team found that powerful underwater explosions were causing whales in the area to lose their hearing. This seriously affected the whales' ability to exchange information and find their way. Some of the whales even died. The explosions had caused their ears to bleed and become infected. Many researchers whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one hundred and twenty decibels. They say such a limit would mean an end to important industrial and scientific research.
Scientists do not know how much and what kinds of noises are harmful to ocean animals. However, many scientists suspect that noise is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.
57. According to the passage, which of the following is increasingly dangerous to sea creatures?
A. The man-made noises. B. The noises made by themselves. C. The sound of earthquakes. D. The sound of the ice-breaking. 58. Which of the following is discussed in the third paragraph? A. Different places with different types of noises. B. The very human ears sensitive to all types of noises. C. The ocean animals' reaction to noises.
D. The same noise measured differently on land and in the ocean.
59. We can know from the passage that many researchers think that the noise limit of one hundred twenty decibels would _____. A. prevent them from doing their research work B. benefit them a lot in their research work C. do good to their health D. increase the industrial output
60. According to the passage, what will scientists most probably do in the future? A. They will try their best to decrease noise. B. They will work hard to cut down noise pollution. C. They will study the effect of different noises.
D. They will protect animals from harmful noises. 参考答案
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