英语中常见倍数的表达

英语中常见倍数的表达

张贵元

一、在英语中,表示比拟两个事物或人的大小、上下、长短、轻重等时,常用〝倍数〞来表达,如〝甲是乙的几倍大(长、高、宽,,)〞或〝甲比乙大(长、高、宽,,)几倍〞。表示〝甲是乙的几倍〞或〝甲几倍于乙〞时,常用以下三个句型。

句型I: A is+倍数〔数词+ times〕+as+adj./adv. (原级)+as+(比拟对象)B

这个句型常用来表示A是B的多少倍。

1.This room is three times as big as that one.这个房间是那个房问的三倍大。

新技术被引进之后，这家工厂1988年消费拖延机的产量是前一年的两倍。

2. Asia is four times as large as Europe.

亚洲的面积是欧洲的四倍大。〔或：亚洲的面积比欧洲大三倍〕

3. This room is three times as big as that one.

这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。〔或：这个房间比那个房间大两倍〕

4. We can produce ten times as many TV sets now as we did ten years ago.

我们如今消费的电视机是十年前的十倍。 〔或：我们如今消费的电视机比十年前多九倍〕

5. This tree is nine times as tall as that one.

这棵树的高度是那棵树(高度)的九倍。

6. This dictionary is five times as thick as that one you borrowed from the library.

这本词典的厚度是你从图书馆借的那本(厚度)的五倍。

句型II: (1) A is+倍数〔数词+times〕+adj./adv(比拟级)+than+ (比拟对象)B

这个句型常用来表示A比B多多少倍。

1. This street is three times longer than that one.

这条街道比那条街道长三倍。〔或：这条街道是那条街道的四倍长〕

2. The new method was over eight times more efficient than the traditional one.

新方法比传统方法效率提高八倍以上。〔或：新方法是传统方法效率的九倍以上〕

3. The meeting- room is four times bigger than yours.

这个会议室比你们的大四倍。〔或：这个会议室是你们的五倍大〕

4. Line AB is three times longer than line CD. 线段AB是(线段)CD的三倍。

5. My books are four times more than yours. 我的书比你的(书)多四倍。

6. This table is twice bigger than that one. 这张桌子比那张大两倍。

7. Tom has four times more money than I have. 汤姆的钱比我多四倍。

(2) A +is+ adj./adv(比拟级)+than +(比拟对象)B+ by十〔数词+times〕倍数

The line is longer than that one by twice. 这条线比那条线长两倍。

句型III:

(1)主语A+谓语(be)+ (数词+times)倍数+the+性质名词(size/height /length /width /depth /length)+ of+〔比拟对象〕B

1. This rope is three times the length of that one.这根绳子的长度是那根绳子的三倍。

2. I offered ten times the amount of money that Antonio has borrowed.

我情愿出十倍于安东尼奥借的钱。

3. The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的大小是月球的49倍。

4. The new bridge is three times the width of the wooden one.这座新桥是那座木桥的三倍宽。

5. This room is five times the size of that one. 这个房间是那个房间的五倍大。

(2)主语A+谓语(be)+ (数词+times)倍数+what-clause

The output of cars in 2021 is six times that of 2021.=The output of cars in 2021 is six times what it was in 2021. 2021年汽车产量是2021年汽车产量的六倍。

1. The earth is 49 times the size of the moon. 地球的体积是月球的49倍。

2.This street is twice the width and three times the length of that one.这条街是那条街的两倍宽、三倍长。

四、特别留意«英汉的差异»:在运用这三种句型时,如表示〞A比B大(长、宽、高…..)多少倍〞或〞A比B添加多少倍〞时,须留意英语要比汉语多说一倍。

1.这辆公共汽车比那辆白色的大一倍。

This bus is twice bigger than that red one.

2.这个箱子比那个箱子重两倍。

This box is three times as heavy as that one.

3.这个操场比那个大四倍。

This playground is five times the size of that one.

其实这三种用法都可以互换。如 〝亚洲是欧洲的四倍大〞,可译为:

Asia is four times as big as Europe.

Asia is four times the size of Europe.

Asia is three times bigger than Europe.

五、在英语中,用名词表示 〝量〞的倍数时, 常用以下两个句型。

句型I: …..倍数+more+名词(可数,不可数)+than…..。 例如:

We have produced twice more grain than we did last year.

我们往年消费的粮食比去年增长一倍。

句型II:……倍数+as many(much)+名词+其它+as…….。 例如

There is three times as much water in this pot as in that one.

这个壶里的水是那个壶里的三倍。

运用时特别留意：

1.用〝times〞表示倍数只限于三个以上〔包括三个〕的倍数，表示两倍的要用〝twice或double〞。

2.A+is+分数+as+描画词或副词的原级+as+B。----------------表示:A是B的几分之几。

A+is+分数+描画词或副词的比拟级+than B . --------------表示:A比B大/小几分之儿。

例如：

①This room is twice the size of that one.

这个房间是那个房间的两倍大。〔或：这个房间比那个大一倍〕

②Their farm is nearly twice as big as ours.

他们的农场简直是我们的两倍。〔或：他们的农场简直比我们的大一倍〕

③The total income of 2021 was double that of 2021.

2021年的总支出是2021年的两倍。〔或：2021年的总支出比2021年添加了一倍〕

3.另外，副词〝again〞用于as...as的句型里也能表示倍数。例如：

① Wheel A turns as fast again as Wheel B.

甲轮比乙轮转速快一倍。〔或：甲轮的转速是乙轮的两倍〕

②These shoes cost me as much again as the pair I bought.

这双鞋子比我买的那一双贵一倍。〔或：这双鞋子的价钱是我买的那双的两倍〕

1.By that time we shall produce we did in 1957.

A.twice as much grain as B.as twice much grain as

C.twice much as grain as D.much twice as grain as

2.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced tractors in 1988 as the year before.

A.as three times many B.as many three times

C.three times as many D.three times many as

3.Output of coal was that of last year.

A.four times as greater as B.four times as great as

C.four time as great as D.fourth times as great as

4.------Do you regret paying 15 dollars for this dictionary?

-------No,I would gladly pay for it.

A.twice as much C.twice as many 答案:1.A 2.C 3.B 4.A

D.twice so many

B.twice such much