Unit5
文章I’dliketosharewithyoumyknowledgeoftheOlympicGames.TheOlympicGamesshouldbetracedbacktotheancienttimes.TheGreekswereveryfondofallsportsthatcouldmakethebodystrong.OnceinfouryearstheyhadagreatfestivaltocelebratewhattheycalledtheOlympianGames.ManythousandsofpeoplecametogetheruponawideplaintoseethecontestsofskillamongmenandboysfromallpartsofGreece.Thegreatgameswererunningraces,wrestlingmatches,horseraces,andchariotraces.Thereweregamesforboysaswellasformen.Inmostofthegamesthemenandboysworelittleornoclothing,andhadtheirbodiesoiled.Theprizesseemedverysimple;theywerenothingmorethancrownsmadeofleavesofthewildolivetree;buttowearoneofthesecrownswasthegreatesthonor,andhewenthomecoveredwithglory.Ancientathletescompetedasindividuals,notonnationalteams,asinthemodernGames.TheemphasisonindividualathleticachievementthroughpubliccompetitionwasrelatedtotheGreekidealofexcellence.Aristocraticmenwhoattainedthisideal,throughtheiroutstandingwordsordeeds,wonpermanentgloryandfame.Thosewhowerediscoveredcheatingwerefined,andthemoneywasusedtomakebronzestatuesofZeus,whichwereerectedontheroadtothestadium.Thestatueswereinscribedwithmessagesdescribingtheoffenses,warningothersnottocheat,remindingathletesthatvictorywaswonbyskillandnotbymoney.Today,theOlympicGamesarethegreatestfestivalofsportintheworld.Everyfouryears,ahundredormorecountriessendtheirbestsportsmentocompeteforthehighesthonorsinsport.Forthewinners,therearegoldmedalsandglory.Butthereishonor,too,forallwhocompete,winorlose.ThatisinthespiritoftheOlympics–totakepartiswhatmatters.TheOlympicGamesalwaysstartinabrightcolorandaction.Theteamsofallthenationsparadeintheopeningceremonyandmarchroundthetrack.ThecustomisfortheGreekteamtomarchinfirst,foritwasinGreecethattheOlympicsbegan.TheteamofthecountrywheretheGamesarebeingheld–thehostcountry–marchesinlast.TherunnerwiththeOlympictorchthenentersthestadiumandlightstheflame.AsportsmanfromthehostcountrytakestheOlympicoathonbehalfofallthecompetitors.Thejudgesandofficialsalsotakeanoath.Afterthesportsmenmarchoutofthestadium,thehostcountryputsonawonderfuldisplay.Thecompetitionsbeginthenextday.Victoryceremoniestakeplaceaftereachcontest.Thefirstthreewinnersineachreceivemedals.Whiletheflagsofthethreecountriesrepresentedarehoisted,abandplaysthenationalanthemofthewinningathlete’shomeland.Attheclosingceremonyeachcountryisrepresentedbynomorethansixathletes.Theyagainmarchintothestadium,butthistimethecontestantsminglewithoutregardtonationalityasasymbolofOlympicbrotherhood.AnOlympicofficialdeclarestheGamesclosedandinvitestheathletestothesiteofthenextOlympics.词汇1.plain:[pleɪn]n.平原2.wrestling：[ˈreslɪŋ]n.摔跤运动3.crown：[kraʊn]n.花冠4.aristocratic：[ˌærɪstəˈkrætɪk]adj.贵族的5.deed：[diːd]n.行为，行动6.fine：[faɪn]v.处…以罚金7.erect:[ɪˈrekt]v.竖立；建立8.inscribe：[ɪnˈskraɪb]v.在…上写(词语、名字等);题;刻9.offense：[əˈfens]n.违法行为；罪行10.oath：[əʊθ]n.宣誓；誓言11.hoist:[hɔɪst]v.吊起；提升；拉高12.anthem:[ˈænθəm]n.国歌Unit6
文章Thankyouallforcoming,andletmebeginbythankingtheChinesepeopleforthewarmwelcometheyhavegivenme.Asmanyofyouknow,attheWorldBankGroupwearepassionateaboutendingpovertyandbuildingsharedprosperity—soit’sgoodtobebackinChina,whereweshareastrongcommitmenttothesegoals.FortheWorldBankGroup,thistripmarkedadeepeningofourrelationshipwiththegovernmentofChinaonissuesthatrangedfromurbanizationtoclimatechangetoinvestmentinAfrica.IhadveryproductivemeetingswithPremierLiKeqiang,FinanceMinisterLouJiwei,andseveralotherseniorofficialsinthegovernment.TheChinesegovernmenthasshownanimportantcommitmenttoreformstomakegrowthsustainableandimprovethequalityoflifeforitspeople.WesupportChina’seffortstorebalancegrowthtowardconsumptionandservicesandmovetowardreformsofitsfiscalpolicy,financialoversight,landrights,andsocialprogramstoachievequalitygrowththatreachesmorepeople.MyfocusonthistriphasbeenontwokeyareasthatposebothopportunitiesandchallengesforChina—theenvironmentandurbanization.Chinaiswellawarethatitsrapidurbanizationandrapideconomicgrowthhascomeatacost,evenasthatgrowthhasliftedhundredsofmillionsofpeopleoutofpoverty.SoIampleasedweareexpandingourcollaborationonclimatechangeinanumberofareas,including:findingbettersolutionsforcleancities,aswearedoinginShanghai;improvingtheefficiencyofwindfarms;helpingfarmersinsouthwesternChinawithclimate-smartagriculture;anddevelopingandpromotingcarbonmarketstoencourageemissionsreductions.Atthemoment,halfoftheBank’s125activeprojectsinChinahelpcombatclimatechange,withlendingat$5.3billion.Everydollarloanedleveragesalmost$7-totaling$36billionfromgovernments,privatesectorandothersourcestodealwithclimatechange.InChina,IFC,ourprivatesectorarm,committedarecord$347milliontoclimate-relatedprojectslastyearalone.Thatwasone-thirdofIFCsoverall$1billionofcommitmentinChina.China’scitieshavebeengrowingatbreakneckspeed.By2030,some65to70percentofChinaspopulationwillbeincities.That’sonebillionpeoplewhowillneedgoodjobs,andexpectbetterservices.Chinanowneedstofindnewwaystomakecitiesmoreenergyefficient,promotecleanenergy,andreducetrafficcongestionandairpollution.IfChinabreatheseasier,theworldwillbreatheeasier,too.AspartoftheongoingworkonajointstudyonurbanizationwithChinasDevelopmentResearchCenteroftheStateCouncil,wehavebeenre-thinkingtheconceptofcities.Weshouldnotthinkofcitiesasjusturbansprawls,butinsteadshouldmakethemworkforpeople.Efficientcitieswillboostgrowth.Someofourprioritiesarebuildingdensecitiesthatkeeppeoplelivingclosetowheretheywork,withbettertransportsystems.Anotherimportantissueisprotectingfarmers’rightstoland,andsharingthebenefitsoflanddevelopmentinamoreequitableway.Wealsowillworkwithlocalgovernmentstohelpthemmanagetheirresourcesbetter.Governmentswillneedtobroadentheirsourcesofrevenuesothattheyarenottoodependentonlandsales.词汇1.passionate：[ˈpæʃənət]adj.热情的；狂热的2.prosperity：[prɒˈsperəti]n.繁荣3.productive：[prəˈdʌktɪv]adj.有效益的；富有成效的4.fiscalpolicy：财政政策5.financialoversight：金融监管6.windfarm：风力发电场7.emission：[iˈmɪʃn]n.排放8.combat：[ˈkɒmbæt]v.防止；减轻9.lending:[ˈlendɪŋ]n.贷款，放款10.arm：分支机构；部门11.breakneck：[ˈbreɪknek]adj.（速度）极快的12.trafficcongestion：交通拥堵13.urbansprawl：都市蔓延;都市扩张14.equitable：[ˈekwɪtəbl]adj.公平的;公正的AswesaidinanearlierreportproducedwiththeDRCChina2030wesupportphasedreformofthehouseholdregistrationsystem,orhukou,givingmigrants15.phase：[feɪz]v.分阶段进行；逐步affordableaccesstourbanservices.Thiswillhelpraiseincomesofthepoorandboost做consumption,whichisgoodfortheeconomy.Overthelongterm,thehealthand16.vitality：[vaɪˈtæləti]n.生命力；活力vitalityofChina’srapidlygrowingurbanareaswillbecriticaltoeconomicgrowthandpromotelessresource-intensivegrowth.That’sgoodforChina—andtheworld.Thankyou.I’mhappytotakeyourquestions.
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