第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
A
No one knows when the first printing press was invented or who invented it. but the oldest known printed text originated in China during the first millennium (千年) AD.The Diamond Sutra (《金刚经》), a Buddhist book from Dunhuang, China during the Tang Dynasty, is said to be the oldest known printed book.The Diamond Sutrawas created with a method known as block printing (雕版印刷), which used boards of hand-carved wood blocks in reverse.
It was said that the moveable type was developed by Bi Sheng. He was fromYingshan,Hubei,China, living from 970 to 1051 AD. His method replaced panels of printing blocks with moveable individual Chinese characters that could be reused. The first moveable Chinese Characters were carved into clay and baked into hard blocks that were then arranged onto an iron frame that was pressed against an iron plate.
The earliest mention of Bi Sheng’s printing press is in the bookDream Pool Essays, written in 1086 by Shen Kuo, who noted that his nephews came into possession of Bi Sheng’s typefaces (字体) after his death. Shen Kuo explained that Bi Sheng did not use wood because the texture is inconsistent (不一致的) and absorbs wetness too easily.
By the time of the Southern Song Dynasty, which ruled from 1127 to 1279 AD, books had become popular in society and helped create a scholarly class of citizens who had the capabilities to become civil servants. Large printed book collections also became a status symbol for the wealthy class. 1. When was Bi Sheng’s printing press first introduced in history? A. After Bi Sheng died and his nephews owned his typefaces. B. When books became popular in the Southern Song Dynasty. C. After the block printing was replaced by the moveable type printing. D. WhenThe Diamond Sutrawas printed into a book. 2. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Shen Kuo made great contributions to printing.
B. The moveable type printing was invented earlier than block printing. C. Printed books were hard to get in the Song Dynasty.
D. By the Southern Song Dynasty, books had helped people get to higher social positions. 3. Why does the author write this passage?
A. To show that Buddhism was popular in the Tang Dynasty. B. To introduce the early history of printing.
C. To memorize Bi Sheng, developing the moveable type printing. D. To indicate the advantages of moveable type printing.
B
Thermoelectric generators turn waste heat into electricity without producing greenhouse gas emissions, like a free lunch. But the high cost of these devices has prevented their widespread use. Now, researchers have found a way to make cheap thermae-lectrices that work just as well. The work could pave the way for greener car engines, and other energy-generating devices.
“This looks like a very smart way to realize high performance,” says Li-Dong Zhao, a materials scientist. He notes there are still a few more steps before these materials can become high-performing. However, he says, “This will be used in the not too far future.”
Thermoelectrics are semiconductor devices placed on a hot surface. That gives them a hot side and a cool side. If a device allows the hot side to warm up the cool side, the electricity stops flowing. A device’s success at preventing this, as well as its ability to conduct electrons, feeds into a score known as the figure of merit, or ZT.
Researchers have produced thermoelectric materials with increasing ZTs. The record came in 2014 when Mercouri Kanatzidis came up with a tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1. Yet the material was too fragile to work with. “For practical applications, it’s a non-star-ter,” Kanatzidis says.
Getting through that door will still take some time. The tin selenide the team makes is mixed with Na, creating a “p-type” material that conducts positive charges. To make working devices, researchers also need an “n-type” version to conduct negative charges.
Zhao’s team is now working on making an n-type version. Once successful, researchers should have a clear path to making a new generation of super-efficient thermoelectric genera-tors. Those could be installed everywhere from automobile exhaust pipes to water heaters and industrial smelters toscavengesome of the 65% of fossil fuel energy that winds up as waste heat. 4. The first paragraph wants to tell us________. A. The wide use of thermoelectric generators B. The devices of current thermoelectric generators
C. The reason why researchers make cheap thermoelectrics
D. The greener car engines that contribute to environmental protection 5. How does Li-Dong Zhao feel about cheap thermoelectric generators?
A. Indifferent. B. Optimistic. C. Critical. D. Worried. 6. What do you know about the research in 2014 from paragraph 4 and 5? A. It was far from a success for practical applications. B. A tin selenide with a ZT of 3.1 can be easy to work with. C. Researchers made an “n-type” version to make working devices
D. A “p-type” material made from the tin selenide conducts negative charges 7. What does the underlined word “scavenge” in the last paragraph mean?
A. Recycle. B. Produce. C. Clean. D. Increase.
C
It was very cold and I had been watching a homeless man make himself comfortable in a “shelter” on the river bank. His “shelter” was a tarpaulin (油布)tied to rocks to keep the wind from blowing it away. He had been living there for over a month. I never saw him with warm clothing or food. I knew what I wanted to do.
When I told my parents what I wanted to do they werealarmed. They said I could be putting myself at risk, taking a box to a homeless person at night! But I knew, in my deep heart, that I would be safe.
I got a box. My parents watched as I added warm gloves, a heavy blanket ... into the box until it was full! Then, I put a Christmas card on top. It said, “Even though we hardly know each other, I want to wish you a Merry Christmas!” I put ten one-dollar bills inside it as well.
My father insisted he went there with me as it was 10 pm on Christmas Eve. I said he could drive me but he had to stay in the car. He agreed.
I took the box and walked towards his “house”. I called, “Sir, I have a Christmas box for you!” “Go away!” he shouted. “Sir,” I repeated. “Go away!” he shouted. “Why?” I asked him.
He walked over and I expected to see an angry face. Instead I saw two of the most beautiful, gentle, blue eyes I have ever seen.
“Merry Christmas!” I said.
“Why are you doing this?” he asked.
“Because you matter to me,” I said. With that I gave him the box.
Tears came to his eyes and he thanked me. I got back to the car and watched him carry the box like it was filled with gold. I didn’t want to embarrass (使困窘) him by watching him any more so Dad and I left. 8. The underlined word “alarmed” can best be replaced by _____. A. pleased B. worried C. disappointed D. surprised
9. Why did the author ask his father to stay in the car? A. Because he wanted to prove he was brave. B. Because he believed the homeless man was bad. C. Because he wanted to protect his father from being hurt. D. Because he didn’t want the homeless man to feel bad. 10. When the homeless man saw the author first, he was _____. A. quite angry B. very excited C. quite puzzled D. very curious
11. The author’s purpose in writing the text is to tell readers that _____. A. it is easier said than done B. poverty is the mother of health C. where there is a will, there is a way
D. a willing helper doesnot wait until he is asked
D
When Alex Linwas 11 years old, he read an alarming article in the newspaper, which said that people were burying old computers in backyards, throwing TVs into streams, and dumping (丢弃) cell phones in the garbage. This was dangerous because e-waste contains harmful chemicals that can leak into the environment, getting into crops, animals, water supplies and people.
Alex was really worried and decided to make it next project for WIN-the Westerly Innovations Network. Alex and six of his friends had formed this organization to help solve community problems two years before.
But what could they do about this project with e-waste? The team spent several weeks gathering information about the harmful chemicals in e-waste and their effects on humans. They learned how to dispose(处置) of e-waste properly and how it could be recycled. Then, they sent out a Survey and found only one in eight know
what e-waste was, let alone how to properly dispose of it.
Alex and his friends went into action. They advertised in the local newspaper and distributed notices to students, asking residents to bring their unwanted electronics to the school parking lot. The drive lasted two days, and they collected over 9, 500 kilograms of e-waste. The next step was to set up a long-term e-waste drop-off center for the town. After some research, they’d learned that reusing is the best way to deal with electronic devices and it is seven times more efficient than recycling. So, they began learning to retrofit (翻新) computers themselves and distributed them to students who didn’t have their own. In this way, they could help students in the area and protect the environment at the same time.
For a lasting solution to e-waste, the drop-off center wasn’t enough. Lawswould have to be passed. In 2016, WIN helped push for an e-waste bill in their town, which required companies that manufactured or sold electronics to take back e-waste. The bill clearly forbids the dumping of e-waste. Because of the work of WIN, more and more people, like Alex and his team, are getting the message about safe disposal of e-waste. As Alex says, “Today’s technology should not become tomorrow’s harmful garbage.” 12. What was Alex’s worry after he read the article?
A. The littering of e-waste. B. The recycling of plastic. C. The change of environment. D. At 11 p.m. on Monday. 13. What did Alex do to start the project?
A. Set up WIN. B. Collect information.
C. Ask friends for help. D. The overuse of old computer. 14. Which can best describe the way Alex and his team did their work?
A. Traditional. B. Competitive. C. Scientific. D. Convenient. 15. What message does the story convey?
A. There is no end to perfection. B. success comes through failure.
C. Every positive attitude has a reward. D. young people can make a big difference. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项
For many, the most challenging part of job hunting is writing an effective application letter. As anyone who’s ever written an application letter knows, it’s not easy to do well. Here are some tips to help.
Do your research first
Before you start writing, find out more about the company and the specific job you want. Of course, you
should not only carefully read the job description, but also the company’s website, its executives’ Twitter feeds, and employee profiles on LinkedIn. This will help you customize your application letter, since you shouldn’t send a universal one.____16____.
Emphasize your personal value
____17____. Draw on the research you did earlier and show that you know what the company does and some of the challenges it faces. In interviews, you’d better provide evidence of the things that set you apart. There are two skills that are relevant to almost any job: adaptability and the ability to learn quickly. If you have examples that demonstrate these skills, include those.
Convey enthusiasm
Hiring managers are going to go with the candidate who has made it seem like this is their dream job.____18____. Enthusiasm conveys personality. Write something like “I’d love to work for your company. Who wouldn’t? You’re the industry leader, setting standards that others only follow.”
____19____In fact, it’s a great idea to share your application letter with a few people. Be specific about the kind of feedback you want, instead of sending it off and asking, “What do you think?” In particular, request two things.____20____. It is also necessary to ask them what’s wrong with the letter. A. Get feedback B. Watch the tone
C. Ask your friends if your main point is clear D. It’ll also help you decide on the right tone E. So make it clear why you want the position
F. A hiring manager may read your letter just at a glance
G. Hiring managers are looking for people who can help them solve problems
第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Jiang Taigong is a popular name for Jiang Ziya, statesman and strategist(战略家). As an outstanding___21___of King Wen of the Zhou State in___22___China, at the age of 80, he helped the young King Wu___23___the Shang dynasty(商朝) and establish the Zhou dynasty.
Jiang Ziya lived near the Weishui River about 3000 years ago. The area was the feudal estate(领地) of Count(候) Ji Chang. Jiang knew Ji was very___24___so he hoped to get Ji's attention.
He often went fishing___25___the Weishui River, but he would fish in an unusual way. He___26___a straight
fishhook, without bait, three feet above the water. He often said to himself, “Fish, if you don't want to live any more, come and___27___the hook yourself.”
Soon his___28___way of fishing was reported to Ji Chang. Ji sent a soldier to fetch him. Jiang saw the soldier coming, but___29___him. Jiang just went on with his fishing, and was saying to himself, “Fishing, fishing, no fish has been hooked. A shrimp(虾) is up to mischief(胡闹，捣鬼).” The soldier reported this back to Ji Chang, who became more___30___Jiang.
Ji sent an official to___31___Jiang this time. But Jiang again ignored the invitation. He just carried___32___fishing, and was saying, “Fishing ,fishing , the big fish has not been hooked. A small one is up to mischief.”
Then Ji realized Jiang may be a___33___talent(人才) so he went to invite Jiang___34___and brought many generous gifts with him. Jiang saw his___35___desire so decided to work for him.
Jiang___36___Ji Chang and his son to tum over the Shang dynasty and establish the Zhou dynasty. Then Jiang was given the___37___of “Taigong” so people called him Jiang Taigong.
Later on, “There are always fish willing to be caught by angler(垂钓者) Jiang Taigong”, an idiom, appeared. Today, people use this old idiom to describe someone who is___38___to fall into a trap or does something regardless of the result. For example, if someone sells something___39___a price 10 times its real value, the buyer insisting on buying it, without caring whether it is really___40___, and if it can bring him some interests(利益，好处), his situation could be described with this idiom.
21. A. guard B. follower C. adviser D. cook 22. A. ancient B. modern C. poor D. developing 23. A. stand by B. found C. stop D. overthrow 24. A. kind B. ambitious C. proud D. hard-working 25. A. in B. by C. over D. across 26. A. hung B. put C. made D. held 27. A. touch B. kiss C. push D. swallow
28. A. common B. strange C. obvious D. practical 29. A. greeted B. admired C. ignored D. encouraged
30. A. tired of B. interested in C. frightened at D. satisfied with 31. A. invite B. drag C. observe D. attract 32. A. on B. over C. with D. out
33. A. funny B. strong C. great D. beautiful 34. A. herself B. itself C. themselves D. himself 35. A. false B. sincere C. fast D. timely 36. A. helped B. led C. desired D. advised 37. A. name B. power C. title D. wealth 38. A. sure B. surprised C. willing D. afraid 39. A. for B. at C. to D. by
40. A. suitable B. terrible C. probable D. valuable 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
For the third year in a row, two sisters inNorth Carolinaare raising money___41.___(provide) meals for families that can’t afford a Thanksgiving dinner.
Last year Alex, 9, and Caroline, 6,___42.___(raise) enough money to provide Charlotte Rescue Mission (CRM) with 130 Thanksgiving Food Boxes and 50 ___43.___(turkey).
This year they will be able to provide CRM with meals for 200 local families.
“We want to give a huge, heartfelt thank you to everyone___44.___has helped Alex and Caroline and reach their goal of___45.___feed) 50 families in need this Thanksgiving,” mom Lisa Fischer wrote on GoFundMe. \"$1,142___46.___(earn) through their hard work from their lemonade stands and bake sales so far, which puts them just shy of $5,000 with your generous donations!\"
The Thanksgiving Food Boxes cost___47.___(fair) close to $20 each. They contain green beans, com, sweet yams, cranberry sauce, stuffing, rice, pie crust and filling, a baking pan, and a frozen turkey.
The Fischer family buys all the food from___48.___(they) local grocery store and packs___49.___boxes, too. \"We are hoping to recruit some help from the neighbors to pack the boxes this year, rent out a truck and deliver the food____50.____Nov. 23,” Lisa explained. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节短文改错（满分10分）
51.改错（格式要求）
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（\\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
There was an art festival in our school last weekend. A majority of students take an active part in it. I was so excited, for it was first time for me to join in such a festival.
Early in the morning, there were much people coming to our school, make the art festival so lively. We gave a warmly welcome to the guests. I walked around and appreciated the painting. All the works were from the students and I was so impressing by them. There were also some handcrafts, which was so creative. Though we were busy with our studies most of the time, some students still managed to developing their hobbies. I should learn from them and develop a hobby as well as. 第二节书面表达（满分25分）
52.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成地篇完整的短文。
Pinty Tailor was a little boy who enjoyed going to school and doing all sorts of things, except for drawing. Using brushes and pencils didn't come easy to Pinty, so his works of drawing didn't end happily, and he'd just give up.
But one day Pinty found a pencil of such lovely color1 s that he couldn't resist, and he tried drawing a circle. As ever, it didn't go well, and he was about to throw the pencil away when his drawing began to speak to him.
“Psst! You aren't going to leave me like this, are you? Come on! The least you can do is draw me a pair of eyes!” said the drawing. Pinty was understandably shocked, but he managed to draw two little spots inside the circle.
“Much better, now I can see myself, \" said the circle, looking around at itself. “Arghh! But what have you done to me?!”
“I don't draw very well,” said Pinty, trying to make excuses.
“OK, no problem,” the drawing interrupted him. “I'm sure that if you try again you'll do better. Go on and rub me out!” So Pinty erased the circle and drew another one. Like the first one, it wasn’t very round.
“Hey! You forgot the eyes again! Hmm, I think I'm going to have to teach you how to draw until you can do me well,” said the circle with its quick little voice.
To Pinty, this didn't seem like a bad idea, and he immediately found himself drawing and erasing circles. The circle wouldn't stop saying “rub this out, but carefully; it hurts,” or “draw me some hair. quickly!” and other funny remarks.
After spending nearly the whole afternoon together, Pinty could already draw the little figure much better than most of his classmates could have. He was enjoying it so much that he didn't want to stop drawing with his
crazy new teacher. Before going to bed that night, Pinty gave his new instructor a hearty thank you.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning Pinty jumped out of bed and ran to find his pencil, but it wasn't there.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
So to settle the matter, he took a pencil and some paper and tried to draw a little man.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
1. A 2. D 3. B
4. C 5. B 6. A 7. A
8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D
12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D
16. D 17. G 18. E 19. A 20. C
21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. A 37. C 38. C 39. B 40. D
41. to provide
42. raised 43. turkeys 44. who/that 45. feeding
46. has been earned 47. fairly 48. their 49. the 50. by/on
51.(1). take—»took (2). first 前加 the (3). much→many (4). make-making (5). warmly→warm (6). painting→paintings
(7). impressing→impressed (8). was→were
(9). developing→develop (10).删除第二个as
52.略
因篇幅问题不能全部显示，请点此查看更多更全内容